Reading trails

Books from the shelf in sequence, to study a subject from the start, with the reason for each step and the main arguments for and against each author. My own opinion is in each book's review.

Where to start with economics?

It starts with the big picture, moves through the liberal classics, climbs to the densest texts and ends with the Brazilian debate. The point is to read different schools side by side, not to pick a team in the first chapter.

  1. 1
    Economics: The User's Guide, Ha-Joon Chang

    It shows right away that economics isn't the science of a single school: it presents nine traditions and where each one gets things right.

    For

    Clear, short and honest about the disagreements; a good antidote to the idea that there is a single answer.

    Against

    Chang is an openly heterodox developmentalist; critics say he is harder on liberalism than on the schools he prefers.

  2. 2
    The Economy, Equipe CORE Econ
    The Economy

    Equipe CORE Econ

    8.3

    The CORE project's open textbook gives the modern vocabulary: incentives, markets, institutions and data.

    For

    It starts from empirical evidence and real problems, such as inequality, climate and crises, from the first chapter. And it is free.

    Against

    Long and academic; liberals criticise the weight it gives market failures and intervention, and readers after pure theory find it informal.

  3. 3
    Economics in One Lesson, Henry Hazlitt
    8.7

    The first door into liberal thought: a single lesson, look at the long-run effects on every group.

    For

    Clear, short and memorable; it teaches you to see costs that don't show up in the first calculation.

    Against

    It oversimplifies: it treats almost every intervention as a mistake and barely discusses empirical evidence or market failures.

  4. 4
    The Law, Frédéric Bastiat
    The Law

    Frédéric Bastiat

    8.4

    Short and direct, it shows where liberal distrust of the State comes from.

    For

    An 1850 text you can still read in one sitting, with clear arguments about law and property.

    Against

    More rhetoric than analysis; its notion of "legal plunder" is broad enough to condemn almost any public policy.

  5. 5
    Economic Policy, Ludwig von Mises
    Economic Policy

    Ludwig von Mises

    8.5

    Short lectures that sum up the Austrian school: capitalism, socialism, interventionism, inflation, investment and politics.

    For

    Accessible and tightly argued; a good bridge before tackling Human Action.

    Against

    Mises rejects empirical testing in economics, which puts off most economists; the tone is absolute.

  6. 6
    The Road to Serfdom, Friedrich Hayek
    The Road to Serfdom

    Friedrich Hayek

    9.0

    The political argument: central planning concentrates power and erodes freedom.

    For

    Influential and well argued on dispersed knowledge and the risks of planning.

    Against

    The prediction that the welfare state would lead to authoritarianism did not come true in European democracies, as even sympathisers admit.

  7. 7
    Capitalism and Freedom, Milton Friedman
    Capitalism and Freedom

    Milton Friedman

    8.9

    The Chicago version: liberalism with data, monetary policy and concrete proposals, such as school vouchers and a negative income tax.

    For

    Pragmatic and constructive, with ideas that became public policy.

    Against

    Critics point to too much faith in self-regulating markets and the social cost of adjustments inspired by monetarism.

  8. 8
    Liberalism, Ludwig von Mises
    Liberalism

    Ludwig von Mises

    8.6

    The political case for classical liberalism, to read after the Six Lessons.

    For

    Systematic and consistent from start to finish.

    Against

    Written in 1927, it has dated passages, and its consistency sometimes turns into dogma.

  9. 9
    Principles of Economics, Carl Menger

    To go to the source: the book that launched the subjective theory of value and the Austrian school.

    For

    Historically essential; it shows marginalist reasoning being born.

    Against

    Dry and technical; it is worth more for the history of ideas than as an introduction.

  10. 10
    Human Action, Ludwig von Mises
    Human Action

    Ludwig von Mises

    8.2

    The complete treatise. It comes last because it asks for everything before it.

    For

    The most ambitious work of the Austrian school, from value to the business cycle.

    Against

    Over a thousand pages, an a priori deductive method and a polemical tone; many economists read it as philosophy rather than economics.

  11. 11
    Projeto Nacional: O Dever da Esperança, Ciro Gomes

    It brings the debate to Brazil, from the developmentalist side.

    For

    A structural diagnosis of deindustrialisation, interest rates and debt, with proposals tied to the diagnosis.

    Against

    Stronger on diagnosis than on political feasibility; liberals question the central role of the State in the strategy.

    Read the review
  12. 12
    Livro Amarelo, Partido Missão
    Livro Amarelo

    Partido Missão

    9.5

    The Brazilian liberal counterpoint, to read right after Projeto Nacional.

    For

    It thinks of the country as a project, with an emphasis on competition and productivity.

    Against

    It is a party programme: it details the transition and its costs less than it promises.

    Read the review

Books to understand power

From aphorism to pattern analysis: it starts with strategy, goes through politics and ends with everyday influence.

  1. 1
    The Art of War, Sun Tzu
    8.8

    Short and almost aphoristic; it gives the strategy vocabulary the other books assume.

    For

    Ideas that have lasted centuries: winning without fighting, knowing the terrain, the opponent and yourself.

    Against

    So terse that every reader projects what they want onto it, and the translation changes the meaning a lot.

    Read the review
  2. 2
    The Prince, Nicolau Maquiavel
    The Prince

    Nicolau Maquiavel

    9.0

    It describes how power works, not how it should work.

    For

    A rare analytical honesty; virtù and fortuna are still useful for thinking about what you control.

    Against

    Without the context of Renaissance Italy it turns into soundbites; the chapter on being loved or feared is one of the most misread.

    Read the review
  3. 3
    The Art of War, Maquiavel
    9.0

    The same obsession as The Prince, applied to the army: don't depend on what you don't control.

    For

    The only political treatise Machiavelli published in his lifetime; a bridge between military strategy and politics.

    Against

    The technical military detail has aged, and the dialogue format makes it drag.

    Read the review
  4. 4
    The 48 Laws of Power, Robert Greene
    9.1

    A catalogue of historical patterns of power, to read as a map and not as a manual.

    For

    Plenty of real history behind each law, and the "reversal" sections show where each one stops working.

    Against

    Long, repetitive and cynical; critics point to the amoral tone and examples picked to confirm the thesis.

    Read the review
  5. 5
    The 33 Strategies of War, Robert Greene
    8.6

    It takes Greene's patterns into conflict and competition.

    For

    It organises strategy into principles that work outside war.

    Against

    The same formula as The 48 Laws; some examples seem forced to fit the rule.

    Read the review
  6. 6
    The Art of Seduction, Robert Greene
    8.5

    Power as attraction: the side of influence that doesn't use force.

    For

    An analysis of archetypes and social dynamics, rich in historical and literary references.

    Against

    Easy to read as a manipulation manual, and the book's ethics are widely questioned.

    Read the review
  7. 7
    Influence, Robert B. Cialdini
    Influence

    Robert B. Cialdini

    8.2

    It leaves history for research: the psychological mechanisms of influence.

    For

    Based on experiments; it teaches you to spot the principles in sales, in products and in yourself.

    Against

    Repetitive in its examples, and part of the social psychology it rests on has been revisited since the replication crisis.

    Read the review
  8. 8
    How to Win Friends and Influence People, Dale Carnegie

    It ends in practice: everyday influence, without cynicism.

    For

    Simple, practical and human.

    Against

    Some stories feel dated, and applied without sincerity it becomes polite manipulation.

    Read the review

Software architecture fundamentals

From the line of code to the design of the system, with the texts on this site that deal with the same subject.

  1. 1
    Clean Code, Robert C. Martin
    Clean Code

    Robert C. Martin

    8.1

    It starts at the level of code: names, functions, comments and tests.

    For

    It creates a shared vocabulary for code review and consolidates good practice.

    Against

    Dated Java examples, and rules like tiny functions turn into dogma; followed to the letter, they sometimes hurt readability.

    Read the review
  2. 2
    Clean Code in JavaScript, James Padolsey
    7.6

    It takes the same ideas to JavaScript, with the language's quirks.

    For

    It places clean code principles in the JavaScript ecosystem.

    Against

    Far less known and reviewed by the community, and some of the content ages fast along with the language.

  3. 3
    Clean Architecture, Robert C. Martin
    Clean Architecture

    Robert C. Martin

    8.9

    It moves up to structure: the dependency rule and the domain at the centre.

    For

    It gives you the language to separate business rules from details: database, framework and UI.

    Against

    It presents layers as if the cost were always low; in a small system they turn into ceremony.

    Read the review
  4. 4
    Clean Craftsmanship, Robert C. Martin
    Clean Craftsmanship

    Robert C. Martin

    8.1

    It closes with discipline and professional ethics: TDD, refactoring and simple design.

    For

    It joins the practice of code with the responsibility of whoever writes it.

    Against

    A prescriptive tone, and the case for strict TDD is far from a consensus.